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KMID : 1001320080330010031
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Social Welfare Policy
2008 Volume.33 No. 1 p.31 ~ p.59
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The employment situations of the disabled and some suggestions for policy reform
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Nam Chan-Seob
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Abstract
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In general, the integration of the disabled in labor market is not as satisfactory as that of the non-disabled. Korea is not an exception. However, in comparison with other OECD countries, both the employment and unemployment rates of the disabled in Korea are high. This is quite unique since it is generally believed that employment rates and unemployment rates have negative correlations. This singular characteristic is more evident in relative terms of the integration of the disabled in labor market. By comparison, the employment rates of disabled Koreans are 70% of those of non-disabled Koreans (OECD average : 60%) and the unemployment rates of the former are 300% of those of the other (OECD average : 180%). One important reason behind these peculiar results quite different from those from other OECD countries is the immature and insufficient income maintenance for the disabled in Korea. The percentage of disabled Koreans who earn no income from either work or benefits is 40%, which is about three times of the OECD average. Moreover, although Korea has been operating a mandatory quota system for the disabled, its contribution to the employment of the disabled seems to be low compared to that of other OECD countries whose policies are mainly based on a mandatory employment quota. In Korea, only about 10% of the economically active disabled are employed by the mandatory quota system. This modest performance is mainly caused by low levels of obligations on employers and gap between the quota system and vocational rehabilitation services. It is necessary to increase income maintenance for the disabled in order to help them integrated into labor market and transform employment policies in order to develop a link between the quota system and vocational rehabilitation services.
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KEYWORD
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the economic participation of the disabled, income maintenance for the disabled, mandatory quota system, vocational rehabilitation services, influence-rate to the employment of the disabled
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